Wildlife

Sea Lion Domoic Acid Toxicosis from Harmful Algal Blooms

California sea lions are suffering increasing rates of domoic acid poisoning from harmful algal blooms, causing neurological damage and strandings.

Key Facts

Domoic acid is produced by Pseudo-nitzschia diatoms during algal blooms
Sea lions are exposed by eating affected anchovies and sardines
Neurological signs include seizures, abnormal behavior, and disorientation
Chronic exposure causes hippocampal damage and persistent seizure disorders
Climate change is increasing the frequency and extent of harmful algal blooms

Welfare Considerations

Sea lions with domoic acid toxicosis experience terrifying seizures, disorientation, and are often found stranded on beaches in acute distress. Chronic cases suffer from ongoing epilepsy that makes normal hunting and social behavior impossible. Marine mammal rescue centers provide care but cannot cure hippocampal damage.

What You Can Do

Support research into harmful algal bloom prediction and monitoring
Donate to marine mammal rehabilitation centers
Advocate for climate policies that reduce ocean warming driving algal blooms
Report stranded sea lions to NOAA or local wildlife rescue hotlines
Learn about the connection between climate change and marine mammal health