Elephants have been used in logging operations in Southeast Asia for centuries. As mechanization replaces logging work, these elephants face uncertain welfare futures requiring transition planning.
Working logging elephants occupy a welfare space between severe exploitation and economically integrated animal use. The welfare of logging elephants depends on work intensity, rest requirements, veterinary access, and handler training. As logging work declines, transition planning for elephants and their mahouts is critical for both animal welfare and human livelihoods. Ethical tourism and sanctuary models that provide sustainable alternatives are the most viable welfare solutions.