Feline cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is an Alzheimer's-like condition affecting older cats. Recognition and management improve welfare for cats and reduce distress for their owners.
Cats with CDS experience confusion, anxiety, and disrupted sleep-wake cycles that cause genuine distress. Nighttime yowling is distressing for both the cat - often disoriented and anxious - and the household. Early recognition enables environmental modifications like nightlights, predictable routines, and accessible litter boxes that reduce confusion. Dietary interventions and supplements may help. Treating concurrent conditions like hyperthyroidism and hypertension that worsen cognitive symptoms is essential. The welfare goal is maintaining a cat's sense of security and orientation for as long as possible.