Colic - abdominal pain in horses - is the leading cause of premature death in horses, and appropriate pain management is critical to welfare outcomes during episodes.
Colic pain can be severe - horses in extreme pain roll violently, potentially causing further intestinal damage. Inadequate pain control during colic extends suffering and may delay veterinary assessment of pain severity. The decision about surgical intervention requires balancing welfare against financial constraints - horses whose owners cannot afford surgery face either prolonged suffering or euthanasia. Beyond the acute episode, the management of post-surgical pain and the stress of hospitalization represent additional welfare considerations. Colic prevention through appropriate management and diet is the most welfare-positive approach.