IVDD is a painful spinal condition predominantly affecting chondrodystrophic breeds, causing disc herniation that can lead to paralysis if not managed appropriately.
IVDD represents one of the most severe welfare conditions affecting companion dogs, combining acute severe pain with the devastating loss of mobility. Dogs experiencing acute disc herniation show signs of extreme pain including crying, guarding posture, and reluctance to move. The rapid progression to paralysis in severe cases is traumatic for both the animal and owner. Surgical candidates face anesthesia risk and a demanding rehabilitation process. Conservative management requires strict rest restriction that itself compromises welfare. Prevention through weight management, avoiding jumping, and ramp training can reduce but not eliminate risk in predisposed breeds. Genetic selection away from extreme chondrodystrophic conformations represents the most effective long-term welfare intervention.