Companion Animals

Cat Feline Infectious Anemia: Diagnosis and Welfare

Feline infectious anemia caused by Mycoplasma haemofelis results in immune-mediated destruction of red blood cells, causing life-threatening illness.

Key Facts

Mycoplasma haemofelis attaches to red blood cell surfaces, triggering immune destruction
Fleas, ticks and fighting wounds transmit the organism between cats
Affected cats show severe lethargy, pale gums, rapid breathing and anorexia
PCR testing is more sensitive than blood smear examination for diagnosis
Doxycycline for 4-6 weeks combined with corticosteroids reduces immune-mediated destruction

Welfare Considerations

Cats with acute feline infectious anemia experience profound weakness from hypoxia as their red blood cell count drops. Blood transfusions may be life-saving in severely affected cases. Outdoor cats and those with FIV or FeLV face higher risk. Rigorous flea control is the most effective prevention, making accessible veterinary care central to welfare outcomes.

What You Can Do

Keep cats current on flea prevention year-round
Seek emergency veterinary care if your cat becomes suddenly weak or pale
Consider blood banking programs that support feline blood availability
Advocate for accessible veterinary care to reduce preventable deaths from infectious anemia