Carnivores in captivity require enrichment that simulates hunting behavior to prevent the frustration, stereotypies, and welfare deterioration caused by inactivity.
Carnivores evolved for variable, unpredictable prey pursuit that constant-supply captive feeding fundamentally fails to replicate. The behavioral frustration of unfulfilled predatory motivation manifests as stereotypic locomotion that is difficult to reverse once established. Progressive zoos use whole prey, feeding puzzles, and irregular schedules to maintain motivational engagement. Scent enrichment from prey animals produces measurable behavioral activation.