Research on pig enrichment identifies which materials and designs genuinely improve welfare versus those that fail to engage rooting and exploratory drives, with practical implications for farm implementation.
The pig enrichment science literature reveals a frustrating gap between what is legally required and what actually benefits animals. Hanging chains satisfy regulatory requirements but fail to engage the rooting motivation that drives much of pig behavioral need. Straw bedding, compost, and wood engage rooting properly and provide the most consistent welfare benefits - but require management investment for litter handling. The evidence base for organic manipulable materials is strong enough to justify specific requirements rather than the generic 'enrichment' language in current regulations. Welfare-progressive producers investing in straw bedding report reduced tail biting, lower antibiotic use, and improved herd health alongside welfare gains.