Myxomatosis is a fatal viral disease of rabbits that causes severe suffering and is largely preventable through vaccination in countries where vaccines are available.
Myxomatosis causes severe, prolonged suffering. Affected rabbits develop progressive facial swelling that interferes with breathing, eating, and vision. Secondary bacterial infections are common. The disease course typically lasts 1-2 weeks before death, meaning rabbits endure extended suffering. The welfare imperative for rabbit owners in countries with available vaccines is clear - vaccination is highly effective and prevents this terrible disease. For countries without vaccines, strict insect control and housing measures are essential. Wild rabbits who contract myxomatosis face unavoidable suffering, but for companion rabbits, this disease is largely preventable.