Pannus is a progressive immune-mediated eye condition in dogs, particularly German Shepherds, that causes vision loss if not managed throughout the dog's life.
Pannus represents a welfare challenge through its progressive nature and requirement for lifelong management. The condition causes no acute pain in early stages, but the progressive pigmentation of the cornea reduces vision gradually. Untreated dogs become significantly visually impaired, losing their ability to navigate, play fetch, and engage in normal visual behaviors. The welfare impact of blindness or severe visual impairment in dogs is significant - it affects their safety, their ability to interact normally with humans and other dogs, and their confidence in unfamiliar environments. Well-managed pannus with appropriate topical medication can stabilize the condition and prevent progression, but requires consistent owner commitment to regular medication and veterinary monitoring. Dogs who respond well to treatment maintain good vision and normal quality of life.