Grooming is a welfare requirement for many dog breeds but can be stressful or harmful if done improperly. Evidence-based grooming practices minimize stress and prevent coat-related welfare problems.
Grooming welfare spans from the acute stress of grooming-averse dogs handled without consideration of their anxiety to the chronic welfare harm of severely matted coats that tug on skin, cause infections, and restrict movement. Both extremes represent welfare failures: the dog forced through a grooming session it finds terrifying, and the dog whose coat has been neglected until matting requires sedation for removal. Welfare-positive grooming begins with desensitization during puppyhood, uses positive reinforcement to build grooming tolerance, keeps sessions short and positive for anxious dogs, and maintains coat condition to prevent the welfare harm of matting and skin disease.