Companion Animals

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease: Vaccination and Prevention

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a highly contagious and lethal virus that requires vaccination to protect domestic and wild rabbits.

Key Facts

RHDV causes fatal hemorrhagic disease in rabbits with mortality rates of 50-100%
RHDV2, a newer strain, affects all ages including kits and wild lagomorphs
The virus is extremely stable and can survive weeks in the environment
Transmission occurs via direct contact, fomites, insects, and airborne particles
Death typically occurs within 12-36 hours of clinical signs; many die without warning
Effective vaccines are available; annual or biannual boosters are recommended

Welfare Considerations

RHDV kills rapidly and often without warning, depriving rabbits of life before owners can seek treatment. Infected animals suffer internal hemorrhage and organ failure. Vaccination is the only reliable protection and represents a fundamental welfare obligation for rabbit owners. Wild rabbit populations are also devastated by outbreaks, with ecological cascading effects.

What You Can Do

Vaccinate all pet rabbits annually with RHDV1 and RHDV2 vaccines
Quarantine new rabbits for 30 days before introducing to resident rabbits
Disinfect hutches and equipment with appropriate virucidal products
Avoid bringing cut grass or wild plants from areas where wild rabbits live
Report suspected RHDV deaths to local vets and wildlife authorities
Support vaccination programs for wild rabbit populations in endemic areas