Cat FeLV Prevention and Management

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a serious retrovirus causing immune suppression and cancer in cats, preventable through vaccination and preventing exposure.

Key Facts

FeLV is the most common cause of cancer in cats and significantly reduces life expectancy
Transmission occurs primarily through friendly cat-to-cat contact: mutual grooming and sharing food/water bowls
Kittens are most susceptible; adult cats develop resistance with age
Approximately 30% of persistently infected cats die within one year; 70% within three years
Vaccination is effective and recommended for all cats with outdoor access or exposure to unknown cats
Infected cats can live comfortable lives for years with appropriate supportive care

Welfare Considerations

FeLV-positive cats face progressive immune suppression, cancer development, and significantly shortened lives. The welfare impact is substantial and often drawn out over months to years of recurring illness. Prevention through vaccination and keeping cats away from infected individuals is highly effective. FeLV-positive cats that are otherwise well should receive compassionate care, monitoring, and treatment for secondary conditions to maximize their quality of life.

What You Can Do

Test all new cats for FeLV before introducing to a resident FeLV-negative household
Vaccinate cats with outdoor access or exposure to unknown cats against FeLV
Keep FeLV-positive cats indoors to prevent disease spread to community cats
Provide regular veterinary monitoring for FeLV-positive cats every 6 months
Treat secondary infections and conditions aggressively in FeLV-positive cats to maintain quality of life
Support cat welfare organizations that care for FeLV-positive cats in sanctuary settings