PRRSV Vaccination in Pigs: Disease Control and Welfare

Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus remains one of the most economically and welfare-significant diseases in pig farming globally.

Key Facts

PRRSV causes reproductive failure in sows and respiratory disease in growing pigs
It is one of the most costly diseases in global pig production, costing billions annually
Two distinct genotypes exist: North American (Type 2) and European (Type 1)
Vaccination reduces clinical signs but does not prevent infection or eliminate virus circulation
Modified live vaccines provide stronger immunity but can cause sow reproductive issues if mistimed
Biosecurity measures - closed herds, tested replacement stock, air filtration - reduce introduction risk
PRRSV-negative status requires sustained biosecurity and monitoring investment

Welfare Considerations

PRRSV causes genuine suffering - respiratory distress in growing pigs, stillbirths and mummified piglets from infected sows, and immune suppression that increases susceptibility to secondary infections. Disease-positive farms with poor control show measurably worse welfare outcomes. Effective vaccination combined with biosecurity reduces the disease burden and associated suffering. Eradication programs in some countries demonstrate that sustained effort can eliminate PRRSV from farms.

What You Can Do

Implement a PRRSV vaccination program appropriate to your farm's status under vet guidance
Prioritize closed-herd or tested replacement stock introduction to prevent new strain introduction
Monitor growing pig mortality and respiratory signs as disease burden indicators
Consider accreditation programs that verify PRRSV-negative status
Support industry-level PRRSV eradication initiatives where available in your region