Keel Bone Fractures in Laying Hens

Keel bone fractures affect the majority of laying hens in cage-free and aviary systems, causing chronic pain that represents a significant and underappreciated welfare problem.

Key Facts

Keel bone fractures affect 50-80% of laying hens in cage-free aviary systems
Fractures often occur from collisions with perches or other birds at high stocking densities
Hens with fractured keels show reduced movement and access to resources
Pain assessment indicates fractures cause significant discomfort affecting behavior
Breed selection, perch design, and stocking density influence fracture rates

Welfare Considerations

Keel bone fractures represent a welfare problem that emerged as the industry moved from conventional cages toward cage-free and aviary systems. While cage-free systems provide space and behavioral opportunities denied in cages, the new injuries from collisions in complex vertical environments offset some welfare gains. Research into perch design, ramp angles, stocking density, and breed selection is identifying management changes that can reduce fracture rates without returning to cage confinement.

What You Can Do

Support research into keel bone fracture prevention in laying hens
Advocate for welfare outcome monitoring including keel bone assessment in hen welfare schemes
Choose eggs from farms that monitor and report keel bone fracture rates
Support continuous improvement in cage-free system design and management