Wild songbird populations are declining due to habitat loss, cat predation, pesticides, and window strikes, with each bird representing a welfare subject experiencing these threats.
Wild songbird welfare encompasses both the individual suffering of the billions of birds that die from cat predation, window strikes, and pesticide exposure, and the population-level decline that removes billions of birds from the ecological community. Individual welfare harms are preventable through specific actions: keeping cats indoors, applying window bird tape, and reducing pesticide use. These actions aggregate across millions of households into significant welfare impact for wild bird populations.