Horse PPID Management: Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction Update

Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID, formerly equine Cushing's disease) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in horses, and advances in diagnosis and treatment have transformed welfare outcomes for affected animals.

Key Facts

PPID affects approximately 20-30% of horses over 15 years of age
Classic signs include hypertrichosis (long curly coat), muscle wasting, increased drinking/urination, and laminitis
Pergolide mesylate is highly effective at controlling PPID in most horses when dosed appropriately
Seasonal ACTH fluctuations in autumn can make diagnosis challenging and require adjusted testing protocols
Laminitis secondary to PPID is a leading cause of horse euthanasia
Early detection and treatment can prevent or significantly reduce laminitis episodes

Welfare Considerations

PPID causes progressive suffering through multiple pathways including chronic laminitis pain, immune suppression leading to repeated infections, muscle weakness limiting mobility, and discomfort from the weight of a heavy abnormal coat. Early diagnosis through seasonal ACTH testing followed by appropriate pergolide therapy dramatically improves quality of life. Well-managed PPID horses can remain comfortable for years. Regular monitoring, coat clipping when needed, and proactive laminitis prevention are essential components of welfare-focused PPID management.

What You Can Do

Test horses over 15 years annually for PPID, ideally outside autumn ACTH surge periods
Begin pergolide treatment promptly after confirmed diagnosis
Work with an equine vet to monitor ACTH levels and adjust dosing seasonally
Clip horses with severe hypertrichosis to prevent overheating and skin conditions
Implement proactive laminitis prevention strategies including diet management and regular foot care