The welfare of egg-laying hens has been transformed by the global movement away from battery cages. Understanding the differences between housing systems helps consumers make truly informed choices.
The global cage-free movement represents one of animal advocacy's greatest achievements - millions of hens will live better lives as a result of sustained campaigning. But the welfare story does not end with cage elimination. Keel bone fractures affect the majority of hens in all systems including free-range, causing chronic pain that is underrecognized and understudied. Beak trimming prevents injurious pecking but causes pain and sensory impairment. The ideal welfare outcome for laying hens requires not just space but enrichment, good air quality, appropriate flock sizes, and breeds selected for health rather than maximum production. The transition from cages is essential but not sufficient.