Pig Farrowing System Reform | Animal Welfare Hub

Farrowing crate alternatives are transforming how sows give birth, balancing piglet safety with sow freedom of movement and natural behavior.

Key Facts

Conventional farrowing crates confine sows for 4-6 weeks around birth, preventing them from turning around
EU countries including Sweden and Norway banned farrowing crates decades ago
Loose farrowing systems allow sows to nest-build and change position, satisfying strong nesting drives
Piglet mortality in well-designed loose systems is comparable to crate systems
The EU is phasing out farrowing crates by 2030 under updated animal welfare regulations
Sow welfare indicators such as lameness and stereotypies are markedly reduced in loose systems

Welfare Considerations

Farrowing crates represent one of the most significant welfare restrictions in pig farming. Sows are highly motivated to nest-build before birth - a behavior completely prevented by crates. The prolonged confinement causes frustration, muscle atrophy, pressure sores and chronic stress. Loose farrowing systems, when properly designed with protective rails and good bedding, can protect piglets from crushing while allowing sows to express near-natural behavior. Transitioning to these systems improves sow welfare substantially and is increasingly economically viable.

What You Can Do

Choose pork products with RSPCA Assured, Soil Association or equivalent high-welfare certification
Support retailers that have committed to cage-free and loose farrowing sourcing policies
Advocate for stronger national and international legislation on farrowing systems
Engage with farm animal welfare organizations working on sow housing reform