Farrowing crates confine sows during and after birth, preventing them from performing natural behaviours. The welfare case for alternatives is compelling.
Farrowing crates represent one of the most significant welfare debates in pig farming. The sow's inability to perform nesting behaviour before birth is a documented welfare problem - sows in crates show repeated frustrated nesting attempts, elevated stress hormones, and signs of frustration. The confinement for weeks at a time prevents social interaction, normal posture, and exploration. The industry justification - preventing piglet crushing - is addressed by well-designed free farrowing systems that achieve comparable or better piglet survival. Consumer and retailer pressure is the most effective lever for change in the UK market: commitments from major retailers create supply chain transformation.