Noctule bats are the UK's largest bat species, roosting in tree holes and hunting high above woodland. Their welfare depends on veteran trees and insect-rich landscapes.
Noctule bat welfare centres on the availability of veteran trees with natural cavities. Modern forestry management that removes dead and dying trees systematically eliminates roost sites. Tree felling that is not preceded by bat surveys can kill roosting noctules - a direct welfare harm that is also a criminal offence given their legal protection. Flying insect decline reduces prey availability for these high-altitude hunters. Retaining veteran and dead trees in woodland management is the single most important welfare action for noctule bats.