Livestock guardian dogs (LGDs) protect sheep and goats from predators across the world, but their welfare needs as working animals in harsh outdoor conditions are often overlooked in discussions focused on their productive function.
Livestock guardian dogs have physical and social needs that must be met regardless of their working role. Working dogs injured by wolves or bears in remote locations may go without veterinary care for extended periods, causing unnecessary suffering. Dogs kept continuously with livestock without adequate veterinary checks, parasite control, and health monitoring develop preventable health problems. The perception that LGDs are 'self-sufficient' working animals can lead to welfare neglect. As LGD use expands in European rewilded landscapes, welfare protocols including regular health checks, vaccination, and emergency veterinary response plans are essential.