Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of droughts globally, creating acute welfare challenges for horses and other equines dependent on pasture and reliable water supplies that are increasingly compromised.
Drought creates compound welfare risks for horses: dehydration, nutritional deficiency from poor pasture, colic from dry feed, and financial pressure on owners who cannot afford supplementary feeding. Dehydration causes rapid physiological deterioration and increases colic risk through reduced gut motility. Horses in drought conditions who appear 'thin but healthy' may be experiencing chronic nutritional and hydration stress. Emergency feeding programs, water delivery schemes, and welfare surrender options are needed when drought conditions exceed owners' capacity to maintain welfare standards. Climate-adapted water storage infrastructure on horse properties reduces vulnerability.