Research on positive emotions in pigs reveals their capacity for joy, curiosity and optimism, with important implications for welfare assessment and farm design.
Understanding positive emotions in pigs has transformed welfare science from a focus on eliminating suffering to also promoting flourishing. Pigs are capable of optimism, anticipation, curiosity and play - and these positive states are measurable and can guide farm management. Environments that are barren, predictable and offer no control suppress positive emotional states even when basic physical needs are met. Enrichment that provides novelty, choice and challenge - rooting materials, exploration opportunities, social play space - promotes positive welfare beyond mere absence of suffering.