Intensive turkey production involves large flocks in indoor barns where management practices significantly affect bird welfare - evidence now guides better housing and husbandry approaches.
Turkey welfare science has advanced considerably in identifying key risk factors for poor outcomes. Stocking density, litter quality, lighting regime and breed selection are the four most impactful variables. Research demonstrates that providing enrichment objects reduces injurious pecking and improves activity levels. Welfare monitoring protocols using footpad dermatitis and hock burn scoring at slaughter provide actionable farm-level feedback. Transitioning to slower-growing breeds addresses root causes of metabolic welfare problems rather than managing symptoms.