Companion Animal Grief and Bereavement Welfare

Dogs, cats and many other companion animals show grief responses to the loss of bonded companions - understanding and supporting this natural process improves welfare during a difficult transition.

Key Facts

Studies document grief-like behaviours in dogs following the death of a bonded companion including reduced activity and appetite
Cats show similar responses including searching behaviour, vocalisation and changes in social interaction
The ASPCA found that 36% of dogs ate less and 11% stopped eating altogether following a companion's death
Grief responses in animals include searching for the absent individual in familiar locations
Some animals benefit from viewing the body of a deceased companion, potentially aiding in understanding of absence
Social animals including horses, elephants and primates show grief responses that can last weeks or months
Individual variation in grief response is significant - some animals show minimal behavioural change while others show prolonged distress

Welfare Considerations

Companion animal grief welfare requires owners to recognise that behavioural changes following a companion's loss are natural responses to genuine social bonds, not behavioural problems requiring correction. Supporting a grieving animal involves maintaining routine, providing additional positive interactions, and monitoring for prolonged grief that may require veterinary support. Forced introduction of replacement animals too quickly can cause additional stress rather than comfort. Gradual normalisation of grief responses is appropriate; persistent appetite loss, withdrawal or self-neglect warrants veterinary attention. Understanding animal grief also deepens appreciation of the emotional complexity of companion animals' social lives.

What You Can Do

Allow a grieving animal time and space to adjust to the loss of a companion without forcing immediate replacements
Maintain normal routines as much as possible to provide predictability during grief
Monitor for prolonged welfare impacts including persistent appetite loss or withdrawal
Consult your vet if grief responses are prolonged or severe, as medication may support welfare
Consider whether a new companion should be introduced after an appropriate adjustment period