An estimated 100 million equids work in agriculture and transport across developing countries, often under conditions that compromise welfare and reduce working lifespan.
Working equids are frequently described as the invisible backbone of rural economies in the developing world. Poor harness design, overloading, inadequate water and feed, and lack of veterinary access create chronic suffering for millions of animals. Yet welfare improvements are achievable at low cost - better harness fitting, hoof care, and deworming can transform an animal's quality of life and economic productivity simultaneously.