Parrots are among the most cognitively sophisticated companion animals, yet their complex needs are frequently mismatched with the environments they inhabit in captivity.
Captive parrots frequently experience chronic psychological distress from insufficient mental stimulation, social isolation, inadequate space, and inability to express natural behaviors. Screaming, feather-plucking, and self-mutilation are signs of profound welfare failure. Even well-intentioned owners often cannot meet the needs of large parrots. Sanctuaries and species-appropriate enrichment programs are critical resources.