Farmed Chicken Welfare: Light Management

Lighting programmes in broiler and laying hen production significantly affect welfare through effects on growth rate, behaviour and circadian rhythm.

Key Facts

Continuous or near-continuous light was used historically to maximise broiler growth but is now restricted
UK regulations require broilers to have at least 6 hours of darkness per 24-hour period
Natural light access in enriched systems supports circadian rhythm and behaviour
Dim lighting during catching reduces bird activity and stress
Red or blue light wavelengths affect bird activity and behaviour differently
Laying hens require precise light programmes to regulate reproductive cycles
Sudden light changes cause fear responses - gradual changes reduce stress
Natural light provision is associated with better welfare outcomes in both broilers and laying hens

Welfare Considerations

Lighting management has profound welfare implications that extend beyond production efficiency. Birds deprived of appropriate dark periods experience disrupted circadian rhythms that affect sleep, immune function and behaviour. Continuous bright light was associated with chronic stress and poor welfare in conventional systems. Natural light variation provides environmental enrichment alongside circadian regulation. Welfare-centred lighting management provides appropriate dark periods, gradual transitions, and where possible natural light access that allows birds to express natural diurnal activity patterns.

What You Can Do

Support welfare standards requiring minimum darkness periods and natural light access for poultry
Advocate for natural light requirements in all indoor poultry systems
Choose chicken and egg products from certified farms with documented lighting welfare standards
Support research into optimal lighting programmes for broiler and laying hen welfare
Engage with poultry retailers about requiring lighting welfare data from suppliers