Feline Acromegaly: Welfare Considerations

Acromegaly in cats is caused by a growth hormone-secreting pituitary tumour and is far more common than previously thought, particularly among diabetic cats.

Key Facts

Feline acromegaly is now recognised as a relatively common condition, affecting an estimated 25-35% of diabetic cats
The condition is caused by excess growth hormone (GH) from a pituitary adenoma
Signs include increased body size, enlarged facial features, increased interdental spacing, and insulin resistance
Most affected cats are middle-aged to older male neutered cats
Diagnosis requires measurement of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) alongside advanced imaging (MRI)
Treatment options include radiation therapy (most effective), stereotactic radiosurgery, and hypophysectomy
Undiagnosed acromegaly is a major cause of poorly controlled diabetes in cats

Welfare Considerations

Acromegaly in cats causes chronic welfare impacts through uncontrolled diabetes, progressive organ changes (heart, kidneys), and degenerative joint disease from skeletal overgrowth. Many cats with acromegaly have been managing poorly controlled diabetes for extended periods before the underlying cause is identified - representing months or years of suboptimal welfare. Increased veterinary awareness has improved diagnosis rates, but many affected cats never receive definitive treatment due to cost barriers associated with MRI and radiation therapy.

What You Can Do

If your diabetic cat requires increasing insulin doses, ask your vet about testing for acromegaly (IGF-1 blood test)
Be aware that facial changes, wider jaw spacing, or increased paw size may indicate acromegaly
Explore referral to a specialist centre for advanced treatment options if acromegaly is confirmed
Support research into more accessible diagnostic and treatment pathways for acromegaly in cats