Flies cause significant suffering to livestock through irritation, disease transmission, and wound myiasis. Effective fly control is both a welfare imperative and an economic necessity for farmers.
Fly-related suffering in livestock is often underestimated because behavioural signs like tail switching and bunching are normalised. Animals experiencing heavy fly pressure have elevated stress hormones and reduced productivity, indicating genuine welfare compromise. Farmers who prioritise fly control see both animal welfare and production benefits, making this a clear win-win intervention.