Seal Haul-Out Disturbance Welfare

Human disturbance at seal haul-out sites causes stress, energy expenditure and pup abandonment, with significant welfare consequences.

Key Facts

Grey and common seals haul out on beaches and rocks for rest, moulting and pupping
Disturbance causes seals to enter the sea prematurely, increasing energy expenditure
Pups separated from mothers during disturbance events may not be reunited
Common seals give birth in June-July - disturbance during pupping season is most harmful
UK law protects grey and common seals from being intentionally disturbed
Dogs running loose on beaches are a major source of seal disturbance
The RSPCA and BDMLR respond to disturbance-related seal welfare emergencies

Welfare Considerations

Seal haul-out disturbance is a frequently overlooked welfare issue that affects large numbers of individuals. Repeated disturbance during pupping and moulting seasons forces seals to expend energy reserves they cannot easily replace, and can cause pup mortality through separation. Simple behavioural changes - maintaining distance and keeping dogs on leads - are highly effective at preventing harm.

What You Can Do

Keep at least 100m distance from seals on beaches and avoid approaching haul-out sites
Keep dogs on leads near beaches with known seal presence, especially May-October
Never approach or attempt to handle seals, including apparently abandoned pups
Report disturbing behaviour near seals to British Divers Marine Life Rescue