Wildlife Trade and Welfare at UK Borders

The illegal wildlife trade causes immense suffering to millions of animals annually, with border control a critical intervention point for preventing illegally traded animals entering or leaving the UK.

Key Facts

The illegal wildlife trade is the fourth largest criminal enterprise globally, worth an estimated 20 billion USD annually
CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species) regulates trade in over 38,000 species
Common illegally traded UK border seizures include reptiles, songbirds, parrots, and turtle eggs
Animals seized at borders are often in poor condition following prolonged travel without food, water, or veterinary care
APHA (Animal and Plant Health Agency) manages border health checks for animals entering the UK
UK government has strengthened penalties for wildlife trafficking following Brexit departure from EU enforcement frameworks

Welfare Considerations

Animals caught in the illegal wildlife trade endure some of the most acute welfare suffering of any animals globally. Collection, transport, and holding conditions are typically appalling, with mortality rates sometimes exceeding 50% between capture and destination. Strengthening border enforcement, reducing consumer demand for exotic pets and wildlife products, and supporting legal deterrence are all essential components of addressing this welfare crisis.

What You Can Do

Never purchase exotic pets or wildlife products without verified legal documentation
Report suspected illegal wildlife trade to HMRC, Border Force, or the UKBA wildlife crime unit
Support TRAFFIC, WWF, and other organisations combating the illegal wildlife trade
Advocate for stronger sentencing for wildlife trafficking in UK courts
Raise awareness about the welfare and conservation impacts of the illegal wildlife trade