Seal UK Haul-Out Disturbance - Welfare

Welfare impacts of human disturbance at grey and common seal haul-out sites, and codes of conduct for minimising impacts.

Key Facts

Grey seal haul-out sites are critical for moulting, resting, and pupping, with disturbance causing welfare and reproductive failure
Flush distances for seals vary by species, time of year, and individual experience; 100m minimum is typically recommended
Recreational kayaking and paddleboarding account for the majority of current disturbance incidents at haul-outs
Drone flights over seal haul-outs cause stampede responses with crushing injury to pups
SMRU Seal Management Plan provides haul-out specific guidance and disturbance thresholds

Welfare Considerations

This topic carries significant welfare implications. Evidence-based management and timely veterinary care can substantially improve outcomes for the animals involved.

What You Can Do

Consult your veterinarian or a specialist for guidance specific to your situation
Follow evidence-based management protocols and best practice guidelines
Monitor animals closely and intervene promptly when welfare concerns arise
Stay updated with current research, legislation, and industry standards
Share knowledge with others to improve welfare outcomes across the sector