Welfare considerations in urban fox management, including culling, fertility control, and coexistence approaches that minimise individual suffering.
Urban foxes occupy a complex welfare position as wild animals living alongside humans. Management approaches that cause suffering - including inhumane trapping and killing - are not only ethically problematic but also ecologically ineffective. Fertility control, mange treatment, and public education about coexistence provide more welfare-compatible and sustainable approaches to fox management in urban environments.