Wild animal suffering occurs at enormous scale across ecosystems, challenging assumptions that wilderness represents a state of natural wellbeing for individual animals.
Wild animal suffering at scale is an uncomfortable but important ethical reality. It does not negate the value of wilderness or biodiversity conservation, but it does complicate simplistic narratives about nature being a place of flourishing for individual animals. Engaging honestly with wild animal suffering - rather than romanticising nature - is essential for developing an adequate animal welfare ethics.