Farm Animal Welfare

Sheep Welfare: Johne's Disease and Chronic Illness

Johne's disease (paratuberculosis) is a chronic wasting disease of sheep caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis, causing progressive suffering and significant flock-level welfare impact.

Key Facts

Johne's disease causes progressive protein-losing enteropathy, muscle wasting and eventual death
Infected animals shed the bacterium for months before showing clinical signs
There is no effective treatment - affected animals deteriorate progressively
Control is through test-and-cull protocols and biosecurity to prevent spread to clean flocks
Animals in late-stage Johne's disease suffer significantly and require timely euthanasia decisions

Welfare Considerations

Johne's disease causes a prolonged, progressive and ultimately terminal welfare deterioration. Animals in clinical Johne's become increasingly thin and weak over weeks to months. Early identification through regular flock health monitoring and prompt culling of clinical cases reduces unnecessary suffering. Flock-level control through accreditation schemes and hygiene protocols prevents new infections and protects future welfare.

What You Can Do

Work with your vet to develop a Johne's disease control plan if your flock is at risk
Monitor body condition scores regularly to identify early chronic disease
Make prompt euthanasia decisions for sheep in late-stage Johne's disease
Support flock accreditation schemes that help control Johne's disease