Retired zoo great apes increasingly transition to larger sanctuary environments. Managing transfers sensitively minimizes welfare disruption while improving long-term welfare.
Great ape sanctuary transfer is a welfare improvement opportunity that carries its own short-term welfare cost through stress of relocation and change. Transfers managed with attention to social group continuity, environmental familiarity, and caregiver relationships minimize disruption. The long-term welfare gains from larger space and greater behavioral complexity justify the short-term transition welfare costs.