Zoo Animal Welfare

Zoo Polar Bear: Thermal Welfare in Warmer Climates

Polar bears in zoo collections face significant thermal welfare challenges in temperate and warm climates, requiring sophisticated management strategies.

Key Facts

Polar bears evolved for Arctic conditions with dense fur and significant fat insulation
Behavioural indicators of heat stress include pacing, swimming, and seeking shade
Core body temperature regulation requires access to deep cold water for swimming
Some European zoos have discontinued polar bear keeping due to welfare concerns
Air conditioning in holding areas and chilled pools are used in warmer-climate zoos

Welfare Considerations

Polar bears in warm-climate zoos experience chronic thermal discomfort that cannot be fully mitigated by exhibit design. Stereotypic pacing is common in polar bears and is associated with thermal stress and inadequate space. The welfare implications of keeping Arctic-adapted species in warm climates are serious and have led some zoological institutions to phase out polar bear keeping.

What You Can Do

Support zoos that critically evaluate whether they can meet polar bear welfare needs
Advocate for evidence-based decisions about which species should be kept in captivity
Learn about the specific welfare challenges facing polar bears in captivity
Support arctic conservation programmes that protect polar bear habitat
Discuss polar bear welfare with zoo staff to understand their management approach