Marine Wildlife: Common Seal Haul-out Disturbance

Common (harbour) seals haul out on sandbanks and rocks to rest, moult, and pup, and are particularly sensitive to human disturbance at these sites.

Key Facts

Common seals typically haul out for several hours per day to rest and thermoregulate
UK common seal populations declined significantly in the 2000s and some populations remain low
Pups are born in June-July and can swim from birth but stay close to mothers for several weeks
Disturbance causing seals to enter the water wastes critical energy and interrupts feeding
Kayaks and paddleboards can approach seals very closely without the occupants realising
Common seals are protected under the Conservation of Seals Act 1970

Welfare Considerations

Repeated disturbance of hauled-out seals causes cumulative energy expenditure that can affect body condition, particularly in pups still dependent on mothers for feeding. Disturbance during the moult period (August-September) when seals need extended haul-out time for thermoregulation is particularly harmful. Quiet observation from 100 metres or more prevents all welfare harm.

What You Can Do

Maintain at least 100 metres distance from hauled-out seals
Approach seal haul-outs with the wind and current to minimise disturbance
Report persistent human disturbance of seal haul-outs to local wildlife authorities
Contact BDMLR if you see a sick, injured, or entangled seal
Never approach or touch apparently healthy seal pups found alone on beaches