Research Animals

Primate Research Alternatives and the 3Rs

Advances in cell culture, organoids, and computational modeling are reducing the use of non-human primates in biomedical research, with significant welfare benefits.

Key Facts

Approximately 70,000 non-human primates are used in research annually in the EU
Macaques are the most commonly used primate research species globally
Brain organoids now replicate some primate brain development processes in vitro
The US has eliminated chimpanzee research with all former research chimps now in sanctuary placement
Computational modeling and AI are increasingly used to predict drug toxicity replacing some primate studies

Welfare Considerations

Primate research reduction is among the highest welfare priorities in biomedical science given the cognitive complexity and social needs of these animals. Advances in organoid technology, high-throughput screening, and computational modeling are providing validated alternatives in some research areas. EU regulations require justification for any primate research and mandatory consideration of alternatives before approval.

What You Can Do

Support funding for development and validation of non-primate research alternatives
Advocate for expansion of US chimpanzee retirement model to other primate species
Choose personal care products developed without primate testing
Donate to organizations developing in vitro and computational alternatives to primate research
Learn about progress in primate research replacement to engage effectively in policy discussions