Wildlife

Wild Freshwater Pearl Mussel Conservation

Freshwater pearl mussels are critically endangered, dependent on clean, fast-flowing rivers. Conservation requires multi-species management.

Key Facts

UK freshwater pearl mussel populations have declined by approximately 95% since the 1900s
They require clean, fast-flowing rivers with salmonid fish hosts for larval development
They are among the longest-lived animals on earth, reaching 130 years
Pearl fishing caused historical decline but water quality is the primary current threat
Captive rearing programmes support reintroduction into restored rivers

Welfare Considerations

Freshwater pearl mussels in degraded habitats face conditions that prevent reproduction and cause mortality. As long-lived organisms with potential 130-year lifespans, individual welfare matters across an exceptionally long timeframe. River restoration that achieves the water quality and fish host populations needed for reproduction supports individual mussel welfare and population recovery.

What You Can Do

Support River Trust and Wildlife Trust freshwater pearl mussel conservation
Advocate for water quality improvement in freshwater pearl mussel river systems
Record freshwater pearl mussel presence through specialist recording schemes