Farm Animals

Poultry Ammonia Levels and Respiratory Welfare

Ammonia from poultry litter causes respiratory damage and eye irritation in broiler and layer flocks, requiring active management.

Key Facts

Ammonia above 25 ppm causes respiratory tissue damage in poultry
UK legal maximum is 20 ppm but typical houses often exceed this
Poor ventilation and wet litter are primary causes of high ammonia
Litter management including turning, drying and additives reduces ammonia
Eye problems and keratoconjunctivitis are common in high-ammonia environments

Welfare Considerations

Chronic ammonia exposure is a significant and underappreciated welfare issue for commercial poultry. It causes pain through eye and respiratory irritation, reduces feed intake and impairs immune function. Better ventilation systems and litter management are practical welfare improvements.

What You Can Do

Support welfare standards with enforceable ammonia limits
Encourage poultry farms to invest in ventilation upgrades
Choose welfare-certified poultry products