Companion Animal Welfare

Dog Patellar Luxation and Welfare

Patellar luxation is a common orthopaedic problem in small breeds causing intermittent pain and lameness that is influenced by breeding and can be managed surgically.

Key Facts

Patellar luxation grades 1-4 indicate increasing severity from intermittent to permanent displacement
Small and toy breeds including Yorkshire terriers, chihuahuas, and Pomeranians are most affected
Grade 3-4 luxation causes significant pain and progressive joint deterioration
Surgical correction provides excellent outcomes in most cases when performed appropriately
Breeding from severely affected dogs perpetuates the condition in susceptible breeds

Welfare Considerations

Patellar luxation causes intermittent to constant pain depending on severity, affecting mobility and quality of life. Surgical correction of higher grade luxation is an effective welfare intervention, while breeding reform to reduce incidence in predisposed breeds addresses the problem at source.

What You Can Do

Have dogs showing intermittent skipping lameness assessed by a vet for patellar luxation
Consider surgical correction for grade 3-4 luxation to prevent progressive joint damage
Advocate for breeding health screening for patellar luxation in affected small breeds