Gestation Crate Reform Progress and Outlook

Gestation crates for sows have been banned or phased out in many jurisdictions following evidence of severe welfare harm, representing a major but incomplete welfare advance.

Key Facts

Gestation crates confine pregnant sows in spaces so small they cannot turn around
The EU banned gestation crates in 2013, requiring group housing during most of pregnancy
Over 10 US states have banned gestation crates, with most major producers pledging phase-outs
Sows in gestation crates show high rates of stereotypic bar-biting indicating psychological distress
Group housing reduces stereotypy but introduces aggression challenges requiring management
Most US sows now in group housing for at least part of pregnancy following corporate commitments

Welfare Considerations

Gestation crates represent one of the most well-documented cases of severe, preventable animal suffering in agriculture. Sows unable to turn around for months at a time develop muscle atrophy, pressure sores, and psychological distress manifested as repetitive stereotypic behaviors. The scientific case against gestation crates is unambiguous. The transition to group housing represents genuine welfare progress, though group systems require careful management to prevent aggression injuries. The persistence of crates in parts of the industry reflects economic rather than welfare reasoning.

What You Can Do

Choose pork certified from gestation crate-free producers
Support companies that have achieved fully gestation crate-free supply chains
Advocate for federal legislation banning gestation crates in all US production
Donate to farm animal welfare organizations working on sow welfare
Reduce pork consumption to decrease demand from conventional producers
Ask retailers about their pork sourcing and gestation crate policies