Farm Animals

Hen Welfare in Free-Range Laying Systems

Free-range systems offer laying hens greater behavioural freedom, but outdoor range quality and stocking density strongly influence welfare outcomes.

Key Facts

True free-range hens have access to outdoor range for at least 8 hours daily
Range vegetation, shade and shelter determine actual outdoor use rates
Only 15-30% of hens may use outdoor range if it lacks cover and variety
Keel bone fractures remain common even in free-range systems
High indoor stocking density negates benefits of range access if hens cannot exit

Welfare Considerations

Free-range labelling does not guarantee high welfare without investment in range quality. Meaningful outdoor access requires shade, vegetation and low stocking density outdoors.

What You Can Do

Look for RSPCA Assured or Soil Association certified free-range eggs
Visit a farm or watch footage to understand real free-range conditions
Advocate for mandatory range quality standards in welfare labelling