Urban foxes are widespread across European and Australian cities, and human-wildlife coexistence requires understanding fox behaviour, welfare needs and humane management.
Urban foxes live alongside humans but face threats including road traffic, mange, poisoning attempts and persecution. Mange causes intense itching, hair loss, and ultimately fatal debilitation. Mange treatment programmes using medicated bait have proved successful in some areas. Humane management through securing food waste reduces conflict without harming fox welfare.