Companion Animal Welfare

Dog Degenerative Myelopathy Welfare and Care

Degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a progressive spinal cord disease in dogs, particularly German Shepherds, causing gradual hindlimb paralysis with no cure but significant welfare management options.

Key Facts

DM is caused by mutations in the SOD1 gene found in many large breeds
The disease progresses from hindlimb weakness to full paralysis over 1-3 years
DM itself is not painful - quality of life depends on management and secondary complications
Physiotherapy, hydrotherapy and assistive carts significantly extend comfortable life
Genetic testing allows exclusion of affected dogs from breeding programmes

Welfare Considerations

DM is a progressive disease that gradually takes away a dog's mobility. While not painful in itself, it causes frustration, loss of independence and risk of pressure sores and urinary complications without good care. Dogs with DM can maintain excellent quality of life for extended periods with physiotherapy, mobility aids, and dedicated nursing. The dog's own attitude and the owner's commitment determine welfare outcomes.

What You Can Do

Discuss genetic testing for DM with breeders of predisposed breeds
Work with a veterinary physiotherapist to maintain mobility in affected dogs
Evaluate quality of life honestly and regularly using validated tools