Hazel dormice are declining across Europe due to habitat loss and fragmentation, and nest box programmes combined with habitat management support individual welfare and population recovery.
Dormice that cannot accumulate sufficient fat reserves before hibernation face death during their long winter sleep - a welfare harm affecting large numbers of individuals. Habitat fragmentation forces them to cross open ground, exposing them to predation. Nest box schemes provide safe nesting sites and allow welfare monitoring. Habitat restoration addresses the fundamental cause of decline.