Farm Animal Welfare

Pig Ammonia Levels and Respiratory Health

High ammonia concentrations in pig housing cause chronic respiratory damage that reduces welfare and productivity, making air quality management a priority welfare intervention.

Key Facts

Ammonia above 20 ppm causes measurable respiratory damage in pigs
Concentrations often exceed 50 ppm in poorly managed intensive housing
Slurry acidification can reduce ammonia emissions by up to 70%
Adequate ventilation maintains ammonia below welfare thresholds
Pigs in high ammonia environments show increased coughing and nasal discharge

Welfare Considerations

Ammonia in pig housing is an invisible but pervasive welfare harm. Chronic exposure irritates and damages respiratory mucosa, reduces immune function and causes coughing and discomfort. Good slurry management, regular removal, acidification and adequate ventilation are proven interventions that together can maintain ammonia at welfare-acceptable levels.

What You Can Do

Advocate for maximum ammonia exposure limits in pig housing regulations
Support farms investing in slurry management technology
Choose pork from farms with documented air quality monitoring